It will take almost a century for UK women managers to be paid the same as their male counterparts, a study says.
Female managers are now paid an average £31,895 per year, compared with males earning £42,441 for doing the same job, according to the report by the Chartered Management Institute (CMI).
Despite female pay rising more than men's in 2011, the CMI said it will take 98 years to gain parity.
However, the CMI said junior female managers now earned more than males.
According to its survey, junior women managers now earn £21,969 on average, £602 more than men at the same level.
But for women managers as a whole, the CMI said the pay gap is wider in 2011 than 2010, rising to £10,546 from £10,000.
As a result, the number of years it says it will take women managers to achieve equal pay has risen from 57 to 98.
'Damaging businesses'The CMI added that female salaries had increased by 2.8% this year, compared with 2.3% for their male colleagues.
The CMI's director of policy and research, Petra Wilton, said: "While CMI is delighted that junior female executives have caught up with males at the same level, this year's salary survey demonstrates, yet again, that businesses are contributing to the persistent gender pay gap by alienating top female employees by continuing to pay men and women unequally.
"This kind of bad management is damaging UK businesses and must be addressed."
Across the nations and regions of the UK, the gender pay gap is biggest in Northern Ireland, where on average, male managers are paid £13,793 more than their female counterparts, said the CMI.
It found that the Midlands had the next largest gap, £11,346, followed by London with £11,129.
Salaries are most equal in Wales, where the pay gap is £2,441, said the CMI.
'Ongoing war'To help close the gap, Ms Wilton said the CMI wanted the government "to scrutinise organisational pay, demand more transparency from companies on pay bandings and publicly expose organisations found guilty of fuelling the gender pay gap".
However, the CMI said it was not calling for the imposition of quotas or for organisations to be forced to reveal staff salaries.
Its survey of 34,158 managers across the UK also found that more female managers (4.2%) were choosing to quit their jobs than their male colleagues (3.6%).
At the same time, exactly the same level (2.2%) of managers of both sexes had been made redundant.
Sandra Pollock, national chair of the CMI's women in management network, said: "Too often managers are male and aged 45-plus, and we are fighting an ongoing war to ensure that professions attract people based on their talent, and not their age or gender.
"The research launched today does, however, show that we have won our first battle - it is wonderful to see that the gender pay gap at junior executive level has closed - and we hope this continues as this generation climb the ranks of management."
'Dragging feet'Back in February, an independent report for the government told firms to more than double the number of women on their boards by 2015 or face government measures.
The report's author, former minister Lord Davies of Abersoch, urged FTSE 350 companies to boost the percentage of women at the board table to 25% by 2015.
But he stopped short of imposing quotas, unless voluntary measures fail.
Lord Davies said on Wednesday that the progress he had seen since February had been "encouraging", but more needed to be done.
"Many companies can be proud that they have set out their own targets towards achieving greater diversity on their boards, but there are others who are dragging their feet," he said.
"The rate of female appointments since March is still well below the 25% target that my panel has set, with 47% of all FTSE 250 companies continuing to have all male boards.
He added: "There is more work to be done and the panel will be reconvening in the autumn to assess progress and agree next steps."
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